Percentage Calculator
Three calculators in one: find the percentage of a number, work out what percent one value is of another, and calculate percent change between two values.
What is X% of Y?
X is what percent of Y?
Percent change from A to B
How to calculate percentages by hand
1. Percentage of a number
To find X% of Y, convert the percentage to a decimal (divide by 100) and multiply. Example: 20% of 60 = 0.20 × 60 = 12.
2. What percent X is of Y
Divide the part by the whole, then multiply by 100. Example: 12 is what percent of 60? 12 ÷ 60 × 100 = 20%.
3. Percent change (increase or decrease)
Subtract the original value from the new value, divide by the original, then multiply by 100. Example: A price rises from $80 to $100. (100 − 80) ÷ 80 × 100 = 25% increase.
Quick percent reference table
| Percent | Decimal | Fraction |
|---|---|---|
| 10% | 0.10 | 1/10 |
| 20% | 0.20 | 1/5 |
| 25% | 0.25 | 1/4 |
| 33.3% | 0.333 | 1/3 |
| 50% | 0.50 | 1/2 |
| 75% | 0.75 | 3/4 |
Frequently asked questions
How do I calculate a tip as a percentage?
Multiply the bill total by the tip percentage as a decimal. For a 20% tip on a $45 bill: 45 × 0.20 = $9. The total comes to $54.
How do I calculate a discount?
Multiply the original price by the discount percentage as a decimal, then subtract from the original. A 30% discount on a $80 item: 80 × 0.30 = $24 off, so the sale price is $56.
What is the difference between percent and percentage point?
"Percent" is a relative change; "percentage point" is an absolute change. Going from 10% to 12% is a 2 percentage-point increase, but a 20% relative increase.